Mechanical ventilation (MV) is not free of complications; therefore, patients must be weaned off whenever possible. This study aimed to characterize the MV weaning process in an intensive care unit (ICU) in Latin America. Materials and methods: A transversal, analytic, single-center, descriptive study was conducted over 4 months, in mechanically ventilated patients who were eventually extubated. The primary outcome was to determine extubation failure (EF) after MV cessation, with any of the following extubation methods: after spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) performance, planned extubation without SBT, fortuitous extubation, or tracheostomy. Secondary outcomes included the exploration of the effects of extubation methods on days of MV, in-hospital mortality, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and number of intubations. Results: Data from 52 patients were collected. The median age was 41 years, 48% being women. Most patients were on MV due to respiratory conditions (22, 42.3%). MV median time was 3 days [interquartile range (IQR) 2.0–7.2], p = 0.8. The most common method for MV withdrawing was planned extubation, n = 32 (61%). Approximately, 40% of patients died, and performing SBT did not reduce the risk of EF, nor in-hospital mortality risk [odds ratio (OR) 0.41, 0.18–1.60, 95%, confidence interval (CI) p = 0.224]. Similarly, no difference was found in VAP occurrence according to the extubation method (p > 0.9). However, a trend for reduced mortality was observed in patients with two intubations and SBT (OR 7.13, 1.15–73.79, 95%, CI p = 0.053). Conclusion: No significant differences were observed in relationship to days on MV, VAP, or in-hospital mortality whether extubation was preceded by SBT or not. Further research is warranted to explore the factors influencing the weaning process and to validate the findings in larger and more diverse patient populations.